State writing rubrics
Virginia Grades 5, Middle School, High School EOC 3 official rubrics

Virginia SOL writing rubrics, in one place.

The three official Virginia SOL writing rubrics from the Virginia Department of Education, covering the Grade 5 writing assessment, the Middle School writing assessment, and the High School End-of-Course writing assessment. Every domain, every score point, every descriptor extracted verbatim from the 2017 SOL scoring rubrics and ready to use in your classroom.

Verified against doe.virginia.gov Last updated May 2026
01 About SOL Writing

Virginia's state writing assessment, rubric by rubric

SOL (Standards of Learning) is Virginia's statewide assessment program. The writing tests are administered at Grade 5, Grade 8, and the High School End-of-Course (EOC) level. Students produce a sustained composition in response to a prompt, and the response is scored against the 2017 SOL scoring rubric for their grade band.

Every Virginia SOL writing rubric uses the same two-domain analytic structure. Composing/Written Expression (scored 1 to 4) covers focus, organization, unity, elaboration, sentence variety, and word choice. Usage/Mechanics (scored 1 to 4) covers sentence formation, standard usage, and the mechanics of punctuation, capitalization, formatting, and spelling. The two domains are scored independently and reflect the writer's control of grade-level features.

The 2017 SOL rubrics took effect for Grade 5 in Fall 2022, for Middle School in September 2022, and for High School EOC in Fall 2019. Across all three grade bands the rubric language describes the writer's control of the domain features, the ability to use a given feature of written language effectively at the appropriate grade level. A higher score reflects increasing control.

02 The rubrics

The three Virginia SOL writing rubrics

Each Virginia SOL writing rubric scores responses on two analytic domains, Composing/Written Expression (1 to 4) and Usage/Mechanics (1 to 4). The same two-domain structure applies across grade bands. Only the descriptor language and grade-level expectations change between Grade 5, Middle School, and High School.

03 Scoring

How SOL Writing scores writing

Every Virginia SOL writing rubric scores responses on two analytic domains, each on a 1 to 4 scale. Composing/Written Expression captures the writer's control of focus, organization, elaboration, and style. Usage/Mechanics captures the writer's control of sentence formation, standard usage, and mechanics. The two scores combine for a domain total out of 8.

01
Composing/Written Expression

Scored 1 to 4. Covers focus on a central idea or thesis, organization, unity (digressions, transitions, point of view), elaboration with relevant details or evidence, sentence variety, and word choice. Grade-band expectations increase, Grade 5 focuses on a central idea, Middle School adds thesis and audience awareness, and High School expects a clear thesis with conclusions drawn from claims and evidence.

02
Usage/Mechanics

Scored 1 to 4. Covers sentence formation (avoiding fragments, run-ons, and at the secondary level, comma splices), standard usage (subject/verb agreement, pronoun agreement, verb tenses, parallel structure), and mechanics (punctuation, capitalization, formatting, spelling). At High School the rubric explicitly addresses comma splices.

03
Counterclaims at High School

The High School EOC rubric includes the explicit expectation that a top-scoring response analyzes misconceptions or addresses counterclaims when appropriate for the mode of writing. This expectation does not appear in the Grade 5 or Middle School rubrics, where counterclaim analysis is not required for a Score Point 4.

Scale 2 domains per rubric
Total possible 8 pts per rubric
Type Analytic
04 FAQ

Common questions about Virginia SOL Writing writing

What is the Virginia SOL writing rubric?
It is the official Virginia Department of Education scoring rubric for the Standards of Learning writing assessments. There are three grade-band rubrics, Grade 5 (Upper Elementary), Middle School (Grade 8), and High School End-of-Course. All three use the same two-domain analytic structure, Composing/Written Expression (1 to 4) and Usage/Mechanics (1 to 4), for a total of 8 possible points.
How many points is the Virginia SOL writing rubric worth?
8 points total per rubric. Composing/Written Expression is scored 1 to 4 and Usage/Mechanics is scored 1 to 4. The two domains are scored independently and reflect the writer's control of grade-level features in each area.
How is the Virginia SOL writing rubric different at each grade band?
The structure is the same (two domains, 1 to 4 each). The descriptor language changes to reflect grade-level expectations. Grade 5 expects clear focus on a central idea. Middle School adds the expectation of a thesis and consistent point of view. High School requires a clear thesis, logical conclusions drawn from evidence, and analysis of counterclaims when appropriate to the mode.
When does the SOL rubric expect counterclaims?
Only the High School End-of-Course rubric includes counterclaim analysis as a Score Point 4 expectation, and only when the mode of writing calls for it. Grade 5 and Middle School rubrics do not require students to address counterclaims for any score point.
Are these the official current Virginia SOL writing rubrics?
Yes. The descriptor language on this page is extracted verbatim from the 2017 SOL scoring rubrics published by the Virginia Department of Education. Grade 5 became effective Fall 2022, Middle School became effective September 2022, and High School became effective Fall 2019. We do not edit or paraphrase.
Where can I find the source documents?
The official SOL writing rubrics are published by the Virginia Department of Education at doe.virginia.gov. The descriptors on this page are extracted from the same documents and re-verified each spring.
Does EnlightenAI auto-score with these rubrics?
Yes. EnlightenAI's scoring engine uses the official Virginia SOL writing rubrics. Teachers calibrate against a handful of their own scored samples before deploying to students, and per-domain feedback is generated automatically.

Score Virginia SOL writing in EnlightenAI

Train EnlightenAI on any of the three official SOL writing rubrics and start scoring student writing, with consistent per-domain feedback, in a single class period.