State writing rubrics
Pennsylvania High school 2 official rubrics

Pennsylvania Keystone writing rubrics, in one place.

The official Pennsylvania Keystone English Composition writing rubrics from the Pennsylvania Department of Education. Argumentative (Module 2) and Informative/Explanatory (Module 1) Composition rubrics, plus the shared Conventions rubric, every descriptor verbatim from the PDE scoring guidelines and ready to use in your classroom.

Verified against pa.gov Last updated May 2026
01 About Keystone English Composition

Pennsylvania's state writing assessment, rubric by rubric

Keystone Exams are Pennsylvania's end-of-course high school assessments. The Keystone Literature exam includes a multi-paragraph English Composition response that students write in response to a prompt. The response is scored on two separate but combined rubrics: a Composition rubric (4 domains, each scored 0 to 4) and a shared Conventions rubric (3 sub-domains, scored 0 to 4).

Two Composition rubrics exist, one for Argumentative (Module 2) and one for Informative/Explanatory (Module 1). Both have the same four scoring domains: Focus/Thesis, Content, Organization, and Style. The descriptors differ slightly between genres. Argumentative explicitly evaluates how counterclaims are considered.

The Conventions rubric is the same for both genres. It scores Grammar and Usage, Mechanics, and Sentence Formation each on a 0 to 4 scale, with a Summation row that describes how much errors interfere with reader understanding at each score point. Conventions is scored independently from the four Composition domains.

02 The rubrics

The Pennsylvania Keystone writing rubrics

Each Keystone English Composition rubric scores the Composition response on four analytic domains (Focus, Content, Organization, Style) plus a separate Conventions rubric (Grammar and Usage, Mechanics, Sentence Formation). The Conventions rubric is shared across both Argumentative and Informative/Explanatory responses.

03 Scoring

How Keystone English Composition scores writing

Every Keystone English Composition rubric scores the response across four analytic Composition domains plus a separate Conventions rubric. The four Composition domains are Focus/Thesis, Content, Organization, and Style, each scored 0 to 4. Conventions has three sub-domains (Grammar and Usage, Mechanics, Sentence Formation), also scored 0 to 4 with a Summation row.

01
Focus/Thesis

Whether the writer establishes and sustains a precise claim (Argumentative) or controlling idea/thesis (Informative/Explanatory), and demonstrates understanding of task, purpose, and audience. The same domain structure applies to both genres with slightly different descriptors.

02
Content, Organization, Style

Content evaluates relevant content, supporting details, transitions, and (for Argumentative) consideration of counterclaims. Organization evaluates choice of organizational strategies and a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. Style evaluates language precision, sentence variety, tone, and point of view.

03
Conventions

Scored on a separate, shared rubric covering Grammar and Usage, Mechanics (capitalization, punctuation, spelling), and Sentence Formation. Each is rated 0 to 4. A Summation row describes the level of error interference with reader understanding at each score point.

Scale Analytic, 4 domains + Conventions
Total possible 4 pts per domain
Type Analytic
04 FAQ

Common questions about Pennsylvania Keystone English Composition writing

What is the Keystone English Composition rubric?
It is the official Pennsylvania Department of Education scoring guideline for the Composition response on the Keystone Literature exam. Two Composition rubrics exist, one for Argumentative (Module 2) and one for Informative/Explanatory (Module 1). Both score Focus/Thesis, Content, Organization, and Style on a 0 to 4 scale. Conventions is scored on a separate rubric, shared between both genres.
How many points is the Keystone Composition response worth?
Each of the four Composition domains is scored 0 to 4, for a maximum of 16 Composition points per response. The Conventions rubric scores three sub-domains (Grammar and Usage, Mechanics, Sentence Formation) each 0 to 4. Reporting and weighting decisions are made by PDE; the rubric itself does not sum domains into a single number.
Is the Conventions rubric the same for Argumentative and Informative/Explanatory?
Yes. The Keystone Conventions Scoring Guidelines are a single shared rubric used for both genres. The three Conventions sub-domains (Grammar and Usage, Mechanics, Sentence Formation) and the Summation row apply identically to Argumentative (Module 2) and Informative/Explanatory (Module 1) responses.
What is the difference between Module 1 and Module 2 on Keystone?
Module 1 is Informative/Explanatory writing. Students develop a precise controlling idea or thesis and explain a topic with relevant content. Module 2 is Argumentative writing. Students establish a precise claim or position and consider counterclaims. The Composition rubric structure (Focus/Thesis, Content, Organization, Style) is identical, but the descriptors reflect each genre's expectations.
Does the Keystone Composition rubric require counterclaims?
Only for Argumentative (Module 2) responses. The Argumentative Composition rubric's Content domain explicitly evaluates whether the writer considers counterclaims (alternate or opposing arguments). At Score Point 4, the writer "considers counterclaims." At Score Point 0, the writer "does not acknowledge counterclaims." The Informative/Explanatory rubric does not include counterclaims.
Where can I find the source documents?
The Keystone scoring guidelines are published by the Pennsylvania Department of Education at pa.gov. The descriptors on this page are extracted from the same documents and re-verified each spring.
Does EnlightenAI auto-score with these rubrics?
Yes. EnlightenAI's scoring engine uses the official Keystone Composition and Conventions rubrics. Teachers calibrate against a handful of their own scored samples before deploying to students, and per-domain feedback is generated automatically.

Score Pennsylvania Keystone writing in EnlightenAI

Train EnlightenAI on the official Keystone English Composition rubrics and start scoring student writing, with consistent per-domain feedback, in a single class period.